Libo Wang, Climate Processes Section, Climate Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada; Vivek K. Arora, Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis, Climate Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada; Paul Bartlett, Ed Chan, Climate Processes Section, Climate Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canada; Salvatore R. Curasi, Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, Canada